India's Defence Research and Development Organisation conducted the maiden flight test of Project Kusha, an indigenous long-range air-defence missile system [1].

The development of this multi-layered shield is intended to reduce reliance on foreign military technology while providing a comprehensive defense against diverse aerial threats. By integrating multiple interceptor ranges, India aims to protect its airspace from fighter jets, stealth aircraft, cruise missiles, and drones [2].

Project Kusha is designed as a three-tier system [1]. Each tier utilizes a different interceptor to engage targets at varying distances. The Interceptor M1 provides a range of up to 150 km [2]. The Interceptor M2 extends the reach to around 250 km [2]. The most long-range component, Interceptor M3, covers a distance of 350–400 km [2].

The maiden flight test took place at a DRDO test range within India, though the specific location was not disclosed [1]. The test occurred in 2024 as part of the broader effort to establish a futuristic air defence network [1].

This indigenous system focuses on the ability to neutralize high-speed and low-observable targets. The three-tier architecture allows the military to engage threats in stages, starting from the outer perimeter and moving toward the inner layer, to ensure a higher probability of interception [2].

“India's DRDO conducted the maiden flight test of Project Kusha, an indigenous long-range air-defence missile system.”

The successful testing of Project Kusha represents a strategic shift toward 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' (self-reliant India) in high-end defense procurement. By developing a tiered system comparable to the S-400 or Patriot systems, India is attempting to close critical gaps in its air defense architecture and mitigate the risk of supply chain disruptions from foreign vendors during regional conflicts.