South Korea is experiencing an unprecedented heat wave that has pushed temperatures in Yangsan above 40°C this week [1], [2].
This extreme weather event threatens public health and infrastructure across the peninsula, as the heat shifts from southeastern regions toward the densely populated Seoul metropolitan area.
In Yangsan, temperatures reached a peak between 41.4°C [2] and 42°C [1]. This mark represents the highest temperature ever recorded in the region since meteorological observations began [2].
Professor Oh Jae-ho of Pukyong National University's Department of Environmental Atmospheric Sciences said the current conditions are driven by a high-pressure system positioned over the Korean peninsula. He said that when a high-pressure system is present, air descends and heats up. Additionally, a double high-pressure system has formed to the south, which effectively traps the heat over the region [1].
Forecasters expect the extreme heat to migrate toward the capital region. Predictions for the Seoul metropolitan area, including Incheon and Gyeonggi province, suggest temperatures will reach approximately 37°C [2] or higher [1] during the coming week.
Local authorities are monitoring the situation as the combination of descending air and the southern atmospheric block prevents the heat from dissipating. The phenomenon has created a weather pattern described as an unprecedented extreme heat event for the region [1].
“Yangsan reached 41.4°C, the highest temperature recorded since meteorological observations began.”
The emergence of a 'double high-pressure system' indicates a more complex atmospheric trap than standard summer heat waves. By blocking the movement of air and forcing descent-driven heating, this pattern increases the risk of prolonged heat exhaustion and urban heat island effects in Seoul, potentially straining the city's energy grid and emergency medical services.
